Corporate Finance A Valuation
Approach
Almost every undergraduate
and graduate program in finance has a corporate finance course that extensively uses case
analysis. These courses focus on the use of financial tools in valuation. However, there
is a serious lack of integrated textual material for these courses. In Corporate Finance:
A Valuation Approach we aim to fill this gap.
Corporate Finance: A
Valuation Approach is a self-contained, detailed description of the valuation process
intended both for those who want to understand valuations and for those who plan to do
valuations. Such an understanding can affect the handling of many aspects of the firm: the
choice of strategic alliances, the selection among several possible lines of business, the
combination of securities issued, and the design of compensation packages.
The materials in Corporate
Finance: A Valuation Approach have been classroom-tested extensively and used successfully
with both MBAs and undergraduates. We have used the book both to accompany case courses in
corporate finance and as an independent text. Extensive introductory material and an
accompanying instructor's manual make the book completely self-contained.
Corporate Finance: A
Valuation Approach provides an integrated, comprehensive method of valuing assets, firms,
and securities. We begin with a review of the financial and accounting techniques needed
for the implementation of a full valuation. We proceed with a detailed discussion of the
valuation process, leading the reader from the very first steps of building pro-forma
financial statements, through the translation of these projections to values, to the
division of firm value among the different security holders of the firm: shareholders,
debt holders, and convertible security holders.
Our book integrates the three
most important elements required for valuation:
1 Consistent theoretical
foundation to valuation. We give students a unified, operational, and theoretically
consistent approach to valuation. The primary emphasis of Corporate Finance: A Valuation
Approach is the discounted cash-flow (DCF) approach to valuation, which incorporates modem
capital structure theory and market-based cost of capital models. We also discuss
multiple-based valuation as an alternative to DCF, relating multiples to the same
theoretical foundations as DCF.
2 Integrated structural
approach to valuation. A structural approach to valuation inculcates an invaluable
discipline, leading the student to understand all aspects of the firm- operational and
financial. In the integrated approach of this book, the marketing and operating aspects of
the firm are translated into an integrated pro-forma statement (a subject rarely discussed
in finance textbooks), the risk characteristics of the firm are embedded into the discount
rate and the valuation multiples, and the financial contracts issued by the firm determine
how value is divided among the various claimants.
3 A series of consistent,
worked-out applications. At every juncture we provide the student and the instructor with
examples which are true to life, thoroughly worked out, and reflective of the underlying
theory:
In Chapter 2 we use IBM
financial statements to illustrate the relation between accounting statements and cash
flows. The hypothetical case of Hacker Computers illustrates the basic principles of
financial accounting and their relation to finance theory.
Our Motel Case in Chapter 3
gives a preliminary example of cash budgeting and the valuation process. We build a
cash-flow statement for a small business and use this cashflow statement for valuation and
for discussion of the effect of inflation and the use of multiples.
In Chapter 4 we provide
students with four easy-to-follow examples of pro-forma models. Each example illustrates a
different aspect of the modeling techniques that make pro formas such a powerful tool.
Our analysis of Acme
Cleveland in Chapter 6 shows how to do a thorough financial statement analysis of a
company and its industry.
In Chapter 7 we show how J.
M. Smucker Co. makes integrated use of techniques from three previous chapters. We
construct a detailed pro-forma model which combines the formal aspects of pro-forma
modeling (Chapter 4), an analysis of the firm's environment (Chapter 5), and a financial
statement analysis (Chapter 6).
In Chapter 9 we illustrate
various methods of estimating the cost of capital using firms in the furniture industry as
examples.
In Chapter 10 we illustrate
valuation by multiples using firms in the retail and airline industries.
In Chapter 11 we illustrate
the valuation of warrants using data from J. M. Smucker Co. and the valuation of
convertible bonds using the Home Depot Inc. convertibles.
Boeing is used to illustrate
our calculation of debt securities value in Chapter 12.
444 pages