For a junior/senior or
graduate level course that explores the statistical methods for describing and analyzing
multivariate data.
Appropriate for experimental
scientists in a variety of disciplines, this market-leading text offers a readable
introduction to the statistical analysis of multivariate observations. Its overarching
goal is to provide readers with the knowledge necessary to make proper interpretations and
select appropriate techniques for analyzing multivariate data.
NEW - Enhanced
discussions of Multivariate Quality Control and Correspondence Analysis.
Provides the student with a
greater understanding of these essential topics.
NEW - Eight new data sets
- Includes bear data, lizard data, Egyptian skulls, welding data and more.
Provides greater variety of
data sets for instructors to assign.
An abundance of examples
and exercises based on real data - Over 50 real data sets are included on an enclosed
computer disk.
Provides students with the
opportunity to duplicate the author's analyses, carry out the analyses, or analyze the
data using suggested methods.
Important results and
formulas are highlighted and boxed.
Directs students' attention
toward key concepts.
Applications of
multivariate methods are emphasized.
Makes the mathematics as
accessible as possible for the student.
A clear and insightful
explanation of multivariate techniques.
Assists students as they
navigate difficult topics.
Table of Contents
I. GETTING STARTED.
1. Aspects of
Multivariate Analysis.
Applications of Multivariate Techniques. The Organization of Data. Data Displays and
Pictorial Representations. Distance. Final Comments.
2. Matrix Algebra and
Random Vectors.
Some Basics of Matrix and
Vector Algebra. Positive Definite Matrices. A Square-Root Matrix. Random Vectors and
Matrices. Mean Vectors and Covariance Matrices. Matrix Inequalities and Maximization.
Supplement 2A Vectors and Matrices: Basic Concepts.
3. Sample Geometry and
Random Sampling.
The Geometry of the Sample. Random Samples and the Expected Values of the Sample Mean and
Covariance Matrix. Generalized Variance. Sample Mean, Covariance, and Correlation as
Matrix Operations. Sample Values of Linear Combinations of Variables.
4. The Multivariate
Normal Distribution.
The Multivariate Normal
Density and Its Properties. Sampling from a Multivariate Normal Distribution and Maximum
Likelihood Estimation. The Sampling Distribution of X and S. Large-Sample Behavior
of X and S. Assessing the Assumption of Normality. Detecting Outliners and Data
Cleaning. Transformations to Near Normality.
II. INFERENCES ABOUT
MULTIVARIATE MEANS AND LINEAR MODELS.
5. Inferences About a
Mean Vector.
The Plausibility of ...m0 as
a Value for a Normal Population Mean. Hotelling's T^2 and Likelihood Ratio Tests.
Confidence Regions and Simultaneous Comparisons of Component Means. Large Sample
Inferences about a Population Mean Vector. Multivariate Quality Control Charts. Inferences
about Mean Vectors When Some Observations Are Missing. Difficulties Due To Time Dependence
in Multivariate Observations. Supplement 5A Simultaneous Confidence Intervals and Ellipses
as Shadows of the p-Dimensional Ellipsoids.
6. Comparisons of Several
Multivariate Means.
Paired Comparisons and a
Repeated Measures Design. Comparing Mean Vectors from Two Populations. Comparison of
Several Multivariate Population Means (One-Way MANOVA). Simultaneous Confidence Intervals
for Treatment Effects. Two-Way Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Profile Analysis.
Repealed Measures, Designs, and Growth Curves. Perspectives and a Strategy for Analyzing
Multivariate Models.
7. Multivariate Linear
Regression Models.
The Classical Linear
Regression Model. Least Squares Estimation. Inferences About the Regression Model.
Inferences from the Estimated Regression Function. Model Checking and Other Aspects of
Regression. Multivariate Multiple Regression. The Concept of Linear Regression. Comparing
the Two Formulations of the Regression Model. Multiple Regression Models with Time
Dependant Errors. Supplement 7A The Distribution of the Likelihood Ratio for the
Multivariate Regression Model.
III. ANALYSIS OF A
COVARIANCE STRUCTURE.
8. Principal Components.
Population Principal
Components. Summarizing Sample Variation by Principal Components. Graphing the Principal
Components. Large-Sample Inferences. Monitoring Quality with Principal Components.
Supplement 8A The Geometry of the Sample Principal Component Approximation.
9. Factor Analysis and
Inference for Structured Covariance Matrices.
The Orthogonal Factor Model.
Methods of Estimation. Factor Rotation. Factor Scores. Perspectives and a Strategy for
Factor Analysis. Structural Equation Models. Supplement 9A Some Computational Details for
Maximum Likelihood Estimation.
10. Canonical Correlation
Analysis
Canonical Variates and
Canonical Correlations. Interpreting the Population Canonical Variables. The Sample
Canonical Variates and Sample Canonical Correlations. Additional Sample Descriptive
Measures. Large Sample Inferences.
IV. CLASSIFICATION AND
GROUPING TECHNIQUES.
11. Discrimination and
Classification.
Separation and
Classification for Two Populations. Classifications with Two Multivariate Normal
Populations. Evaluating Classification Functions. Fisher's Discriminant Function...¤Separation
of Populations. Classification with Several Populations. Fisher's Method for
Discriminating among Several Populations. Final Comments.
12. Clustering, Distance
Methods and Ordination.
Similarity Measures.
Hierarchical Clustering Methods. Nonhierarchical Clustering Methods. Multidimensional
Scaling. Correspondence Analysis. Biplots for Viewing Sample Units and Variables.
Procustes Analysis: A Method for Comparing Configurations.
Appendix.
Standard Normal Probabilities. Student's t-Distribution Percentage Points. ...c2
Distribution Percentage Points. F-Distribution Percentage Points. F-Distribution
Percentage Points (...a = .10). F-Distribution Percentage Points (...a = .05). F-Distribution
Percentage Points (...a = .01).
Data Index.
Subject Index.
767 pages