Water and Wastewater Engineering integrates theory and design.
Fundamental environmental engineering principles are used as the foundation for
rigorous design of conventional and advanced water and wastewater treatment processes.
Reverse osmosis, membrane filtration, UV disinfection, biological nutrient removal and
membrane bioreactors represent a small sample of the processes included.
Water and Wastewater Engineering follows the flow of water through a water treatment
plant and the flow of wastewater through a wastewater treatment plant. The design of unit
water treatment processes includes coagulation/flocculation, softening, ion exchange,
reverse osmosis, sedimentation, granular filtration, membrane filtration, disinfection,
and residuals management. In a similar fashion, the design of unit wastewater processes
follows the flow of wastewater through a plant. The design of unit wastewater treatment
processes includes preliminary treatment, primary treatment, suspended growth secondary
treatment including biological nutrient removal, and membrane biological reactors.
Residuals management includes applicable methods to meet the 503 rules. The text includes
include appropriate regulatory constraints and highlights safety issues. Hints from the
field bring to the student real-life experience in solving technical issues.
Chapter 1: The Design and Construction Processes
Introduction
Project Participants
The Professional-Client Relationship and the Code of Ethics
Responsible Care
Overall Design Process
Overall Construction Process
Hints From the Field
Problems
Chapter 2: General Water Supply Design Considerations
Water Demand
Water Source Evaluation
Water Quality
Evaluation of Process Options
Plant Sizing and Layout
Problems
Chapter 3: Coagulation and Flocculation
Introduction
Characteristics of Particles
Coagulation Theory
Coagulation Practice
Flocculation Theory
Mixing Theory
Mixing Practice
Operation and Maintenance
Problems
Chapter 4: Lime-Soda Softening
Hardness
Lime-Soda Softening
Objectives
Lime-Soda Chemistry
Softening Process
Use of Caustic
Concurrent Removal of Other Constituents
Process Configurations
Operation and Maintenance
Stabilization
Problems
Chapter 5: Ion Exchange Softening
Process Description
Ion Exchange Resins and Reactions
Ion Exchange Kinetics
Properties of Ion Exchange Resins
Process Operation
Ion Exchange Practice
Operation and Maintenance
Problems
Chapter 6: Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration
Delineation of Membrane Processes
Theory
Properties of RO and NF Membranes
Process Description
Operation and Maintenance
Stabilization
Problems
Chapter 7: Sedimentation
Introduction
Sedimentation Theory
Type I Sedimentation
Type II Sedimentation
Type II and Type IV Sedimentation
Non-Ideal Behavior of Settling Tanks
Sedimentation Practice
Sedimentation BasinDesign
Operation and Maintenance
Problems
Chapter 8: Granular Filtration
Introduction
An Overview of the Filtration Process
Filter Media Characteristics
Granular Filtration Theory
Theory of Granular Filter Hydraulics
Granular Filtration Practice
Operation and Maintenance
Problems
Chapter 9: Membrane Filtration
Introduction
Membrane Filtration Theory
Theory of Membrane Filter Hydraulics
Process Description
MF and UF Practice
Process Design
Design Criteria
Operation and Maintenance
Problems
Chapter 10: Disinfection and Fluoridation
Introduction
Disinfection
Disinfection Chemistry
Chemical Disinfectant Kinetics
Chemical Oxidant Demand
Mechanisms of Disinfection
Disinfection Kinetics
Disinfection Practice
Disinfection Design
Emergency Disinfection
Fluoridation
Introduction
Fluoridation Chemistry
Fluoridation Practice
Operation and Maintenance
Chapter Review
Problems
Chapter 11: Water Treatment Plant Solids Handling
Solids Production and Characteristics
Solids Computations
Minimization of Sludge Generation
Sludge Treatment
Sludge Disposal
Problems
Chapter 12: General Wastewater Collection and Treatment Design Considerations
Wastewater Sources and Flow Rates
Wastewater Characteristics
Effluent Standards
Plant Sizing and Layout
Plant Location
Problems
Chapter 13: Preliminary Treatment
Pump Station
Flow Measurement
Design of Bar Racks
Design of Grit Chambers
Design of Equalization Tanks
Problems
Chapter 14: Primary Treatment
Introduction
Sedimentation Theory
Sedimentation Practice
Circular Sedimentation Basin Design
Rectangular Sedimentation Basin Design
Other Primary Treatment Alternatives
Problems
Chapter 15: Wastewater Microbiology
Introduction
Role of Microorganisms
Classification of Microorganisms
Microbial Biochemistry
Population Dynamics
Decomposition of Waste
Microbiology of Secondary Treatment Unit Processes
Operation and Maintenance
Problems
Chapter 16: Secondary Treatment of Suspended Growth Biological Processes
Introduction
Processes for BOD Removal and Nitrification
Processes for Denitrification
Processes for Phosphorus Removal
Biological Treatment with Membrane Separation
Suspended Growth Design Principles
Suspended Growth Design Practice
Faculative Oxidation Pond
Oxidation Ditch
Sequencing Batch Reactor
Biological Phosphorus Removal with A2/OTM
Membrane Bioreactor Design Practice
Problems
Chapter 17: Secondary Treatment by Attached Growth Biological Processes
Introduction
Attached Growth Processes
Trickling Filters
Biofilters
Attached Growth Design Principles
Attached Growth Design Practice (Trickling Filters)
Hybrid Processes
Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor
Problems
Chapter 18: Secondary Setting, Disinfection, and Post Aeration
Introduction
Secondary Settling
Solids Flux Analysis
State Point Analysis
Secondary Settling Tank Design Practice
Disinfection
Introduction
Dechlorination
Ultraviolet Disinfection
Post Aeration
Problems
Chapter 19: Tertiary Treatment
Introduction
Chemical Precipitation of Phosphorus
Granular Filtration
Membrane Filtration
Carbon Adsorption
Phosphorus Removal
Problems
Chapter 20: Wastewater Plant Residuals Management
Sludge Handling Alternatives
Sources and Characteristics of Solids and Biosolids
Solids Computations
Grit Handling and Sludge Pumping
Management of Solids
Storage and Thickening of Sludges
Alkaline Digestion
Aerobic Digestion
Anaerobic Digestion
Sludge Conditioning
Dewatering
Alternative Disposal Techniques
Problems
Appendixes
Physical Properties of Water
Properties of Air at Standard Conditions
Saturation Values of Dissolved Oxygen in Fresh Water
Typical Solubility Product Constants
U.S. Standard Sieve Sizes
928 pages, Hardcover
