Aid on the Edge of Chaos
It is widely recognised that the foreign aid system - which today involves every
country in the world - is in need of drastic change. But there are conflicting opinions as
to what is needed. Some call for dramatic increases in resources, to meet long-overdue
commitments, and to scale up what is already being done around the world. Others point to
the flaws in aid, and bang the drum for cutting it altogether - and argue that the fate of
poor and vulnerable people be best placed in the hands of markets and the private sector.
Meanwhile, growing numbers are suggesting that what is most needed is the creative,
innovative transformation of how aid works.
Aid on the Edge of Chaos is firmly in the third of these camps. In
this ground-breaking book, Ben Ramalingam shows that the linear, mechanistic models and
assumptions on which foreign aid is built would be more at home in early twentieth century
factory floors than in the dynamic, complex world we face today. All around us, we can see
the costs and limitations of dealing economies and societies as if they are analogous to
machines. The reality is that such social systems have far more in common with ecosystems:
they are complex, dynamic, diverse and unpredictable. Many thinkers and practitioners in
science, economics, business, and public policy have started to embrace more 'ecologically
literate' approaches to guide both thinking and action, informed by ideas from the 'new
science' of complex adaptive systems. Inspired by these efforts, there is an emerging
network of aid practitioners, researchers, and policy makers who are experimenting with
complexity-informed responses to development and humanitarian challenges.
This book showcases the insights, experiences, and often remarkable results from these
efforts. From transforming approaches to child malnutrition, to rethinking processes of
economic growth, from building peace to combating desertification, from rural Vietnam to
urban Kenya, Aid on the Edge of Chaos shows how embracing the ideas of
complex systems thinking can help make foreign aid more relevant, more appropriate, more
innovative, and more catalytic. Ramalingam argues that taking on these ideas will be a
vital part of the transformation of aid, from a post-WW2 mechanism of resource transfer,
to a truly innovative and dynamic form of global cooperation fit for the twenty-first
century. An exhaustive tour of the complex systems research landscape, including how it is
used to understand phenomena as diverse as climate change, food price rises, ethnic
segregation and the Arab spring ... Important and relevant for the aid world. Amy Kazmin,
Preface: globalization, development, and complexity ;
PART 1: THE WAY AID WORKS ; 1. A system to change 'the system'? ; 2. Thinking inside
the box ; 3. Strategic mismanagement ; 4. The goats in the machine ; 5. Watching the
watchmen ; 6. Part 1 epilogue--global Fordlandia? ;
PART 2: THE WAY THE WORLD WORKS ; 7. Introducing complexity ; 8. More than, and
different to, the parts ; 9. The madness of men ; 10. Falling off cliffs ; 11. The devil
is in the dynamics ; 12. Part 2 epilogue--what lies between order and chaos? ;
PART 3: THE WAY AID COULD WORK ; 13. From Bali, with complexity ; 14. Systemic learning
; 15. Adaptive strategies ; 16. Networked organizations ; 17. Dynamic change ; 18. Part 3
epilogue--moving beyond panaceas ; 19. Aid on the edge of chaos
480 pages, Hardcover