Near Rings, Fuzzy Ideals, and Graph Theory
Boook explores the relationship between near rings and fuzzy sets and between
near rings and graph theory. It covers topics from recent literature along with several
characterizations. After introducing all of the necessary fundamentals of algebraic
systems, the book presents the essentials of near rings theory, relevant examples,
notations, and simple theorems. It then describes the prime ideal concept in near rings,
takes a rigorous approach to the dimension theory of N-groups, gives some detailed proofs
of matrix near rings, and discusses the gamma near ring, which is a generalization of both
gamma rings and near rings.
The authors also provide an introduction to fuzzy algebraic systems, particularly the
fuzzy ideals of near rings and gamma near rings. The final chapter explains important
concepts in graph theory, including directed hypercubes, dimension, prime graphs, and
graphs with respect to ideals in near rings. Near ring theory has many applications in
areas as diverse as digital computing, sequential mechanics, automata theory, graph
theory, and combinatorics. Suitable for researchers and graduate students, this book
provides readers with an understanding of near ring theory and its connection to fuzzy
ideals and graph theory.
Preliminaries
Set Theory
Group Theory
Ring Theory
Vector Spaces
Module Theory
Graphs
Introduction to Fuzzy Sets
Some Fuzzy Algebraic Systems
Fundamentals of Near Rings
Definitions and Examples
Substructures of Near Rings and Quotient Near Rings
Homomorphism and Isomorphism
Introduction to Matrix Near Rings
More Concepts on Near Rings
N-Groups
Homomorphisms in N-Groups
Chain Conditions on Ideals
Direct Systems in N-Groups
Some Results on Mn(N)-Group Nn
Prime and Semiprime Ideals
Fundamental Definitions and Results
Prime Radicals in Near Rings
Insertion of Factors Property Ideals in Near Rings and N-Groups
Finite Spanning Dimension in N-Groups
Dimension and Decomposition Theory
Finite Goldie Dimension
Linearly Independent Elements in N-Groups
Primary Decomposition in Near Rings
Tertiary Decomposition in N-Groups
Matrix Near Rings
Preliminary Results
Prime Ideals in Matrix Near Rings
Finite Goldie Dimension in Mn(N)–Group Nn
Gamma Near Rings
Definitions and Examples
Ideals of Gamma Near Rings
Prime Ideals and Nilpotent Ideals in Gamma Near Rings
Modules over Gamma Near Rings
Fuzzy Aspects in Near Rings and Gamma Near Rings
Fuzzy Ideals and Prime Ideals in Gamma Near Rings
Fuzzy Cosets of Gamma Near Rings
Fuzzy Ideals of M?-Groups
Homomorphisms and Fuzzy Cosets of M?-Groups
Fuzzy Dimension in N-Groups
Fundamental Concepts of Graph Theory
Introduction
Directed Hypercubes
Vector Spaces of a Graph
Prime Graph of a Ring
Homomorphism of Graphs
Graph of a Near Ring with Respect to an Ideal
References
Index
480 pages, Hardcover