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BUILDING CHEMISTRY LABORATORY EXERCISES


CZARNECKI L. ŁUKOWSKI P. GARBACZ A. CHMIELEWSKA B. KUZIAK J.

wydawnictwo: WYD PW , rok wydania 2016, wydanie I

cena netto: 22.95 Twoja cena  21,80 zł + 5% vat - dodaj do koszyka

Building Chemistry

Laboratory Exercises


FOREWORD 6

THE RULES OF WORKING IN THE BUILDING CHEMISTRY LABORATORY . 7

1. Safety and hygiene of work  7

2. Basic operations conducted in the laboratory and the laboratory equipment 10
2.1. Conducting of chemical reactions . 10
2.2. Weighing  11
2.3. Measuring volume . 12
2.4. Titration . 13
2.5. Stirring . 18
2.6. Filtration  19
2.7. Drying, heating and roasting  20

3. General rules of preparation of results of tasks . 23

EXERCISES MADE IN BUILDING CHEMISTRY LABORATORY  24

4. Elements of chemical analysis  24
Theoretical background  24
Use of chemical analysis in building engineering . 24
Methods of separating mixtures . 24
Chemical methods of analysis  25
Detection of cations and anions . 27
Gravimetric methods of quantitative analysis  28
Volumetric analysis  29
Use of instrumental methods of chemical analysis  29
Spectroscopic methods . 30
Electrochemical methods . 33
Thermal analysis  33
Microscopic analysis  35
Practical task 1. Identification of chosen cations  35
practical task 2. Identification of chosen anions and chemical compounds . 37
practical task 3. Determining the content of sodium hydroxide in aqueous solution . 38

5. Rate of chemical reactions . 39
Theoretical background  39
The concept of rate of chemical reaction . 39
Relation of rate of reaction to concentration of reactants . 41
Relation of reaction rate to temperature  41
Relation of reaction rate to the presence of catalysts  42
Reactions in multiphase systems  43
Practical task. Determining the influence of concentration of reagents and temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction . 43

6. Water in building  46
Theoretical background  46
Basic properties of water . 46
Influence of water contamination on the quality of concrete  47
Classification and requirements for the mixing water . 49
Practical task. Evaluation of usefulness of water for building purposes  51

7. Cement binders . 56
Theoretical background  56
Production and composition of Portland cement . 56
Portland cement setting and hardening processes . 58
Mineral additives to concrete . 61
Practical task 1. Computer simulation of cement hydration . 62
Practical task 2. Determination of soluble hydroxides in the fluid phase of cement paste . 67
Practical task 3. Determination of concrete contents  69

8. Lime binders . 73
Theoretical background . 73
Types of lime binders  73
Lime burning  73
Lime slaking . 75
Setting and hardening of lime mortar  75
Hydraulic lime  75
Requirements for building lime  76
Practical task 1. Determination of active calcium oxide content in quicklime  78
Practical task 2. Determination of non-decomposed calcium carbonate content in quicklime   79

9. Gypsum and anhydrite binders . 82
Theoretical background  82
Classification of gypsum and anhydrite binders  82
Production  82
Setting and hardening of gypsum binders  84
Modification of gypsum setting rate . 85
Practical task 1. Examination of influence of gypsum roasting conditions on Structure
and setting properties of gypsum binders . 87
Practical task 2. Examination of influence of admixtures on setting time of gypsum binders . 89

10. Silicate binders 92
Theoretical background . 92
Production and chemical constitution of water glass  92
Water glass setting process  92
Properties and applications . 94
Practical task. Determination of water glass modulus  95

11. Resin binders . 97
Theoretical background  97
Practical task 1. Examining the course of the hardening process of resin binders . 101

12. Chemical modification of concrete  104
Theoretical background  104
Classification of chemical modifiers of concrete . 104
Concretes with admixtures . 104
Plasticizing and fluidizing admixtures . 105
Air-entraining admixtures  108
Admixtures controlling the setting time of a binder . 108
Concretes modified by mineral additives . 109
Polymer-cement concretes . 110
Polymer impregnated concrete  110
Practical task 1. Assessment of plasticizing properties of concrete admixtures . 111
Practical task 2. Effectiveness assessment of concrete surface hydrophobization . 112

13. Corrosion of construction materials . 114
Theoretical background  114
Definitions  114
Concrete corrosion . 114
Metal corrosion  118
Protection of metals against corrosion  121
Reinforced concrete corrosion . 122
Concrete carbonation and contamination  124
Corrosion of other construction materials . 125
Practical task 1. Studying the course of acid corrosion in cement concrete . 125
Practical task 2. Assessment of depth of neutralization and contamination of concrete 127
Practical task 3. Determination of probability of corrosion of the reinforcing steel   129

APPENDIX
Examples of calculations in building chemistry  132


138 pages, Papreback

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